A Simple Guide to Different Types and How They Work
Broadband is the backbone of modern communication, delivering internet connectivity to homes and businesses. But how does it work, and what are the different types available? Let’s break it down from the basics to the more advanced options.
Traditional ADSL and PSTN Connection
ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) is one of the earliest forms of broadband. It works by transmitting data over the same copper wires used for traditional phone lines (PSTN – Public Switched Telephone Network). The connection runs from your property to a local exchange, where it’s connected to the wider internet. However, ADSL speeds are often limited by the quality of the copper lines and the distance from the exchange. Typically, ADSL offers speeds ranging from 1 Mbps to 24 Mbps, with contention rates (the number of users sharing the same bandwidth) often at 50:1. This means speeds can vary significantly, especially during peak times.
SoGEA: A Modern Update
SoGEA (Single Order Generic Ethernet Access) is an evolution of the traditional ADSL. It acts as an evolutionary step between the traditional ADSL connection and FTTC, designed for a world moving away from PSTN. Unlike ADSL, SoGEA doesn’t require a phone line for voice calls. It uses a copper line to complete it’s journey from the street cabinet to your premises, but this line is solely used for broadband. For businesses with no need for a landline connection, this is a great option as it can result in potentially higher speeds and reduced interference. Speeds for SoGEA can range from 20 Mbps to 80 Mbps but are offered with a higher consistency. For this connection, the contention rates are similar to ADSL, often between 30:1 and 50:1.
Fibre Connection
Fibre broadband represents a significant step up in speed and reliability. Instead of copper, data is transmitted via fibre-optic cables, which use light to transfer data. This results in faster speeds and less signal degradation over long distances. There are different types of fibre connections, but the most common for businesses is FTTC (Fibre to the Cabinet), where fibre runs to a street cabinet, and copper delivers the final connection to your property. Speeds typically range from 20Mbps to 80Mbps with a contention rate of around 20:1 as an industry standard.
Virgin Broadband and Coax Cabling
Virgin Media uses a combination of fibre and coaxial cables (the same type used for cable TV) to deliver broadband. This hybrid system offers faster speeds than traditional copper lines, with rates ranging from 50 Mbps to 500 Mbps. The contention rate is generally lower than ADSL, but it can still vary depending on the area.
FTTP
FTTP (Fibre to the Premises) is the gold standard for broadband, with fibre running directly to your property. The connection runs a fibre cable from the exchange to the cabinet, and then follows up with another fibre cable from the cabinet to your premises. This offers the fastest speeds available on a business broadband connection through standard providers. Speeds available on FTTP range from 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps, and often comes with a lower contention ratio. However, the contention of an FTTP connection is dependant on area and provider, and the can be up to 32:1.
Leased Lines
Leased lines are even more robust, providing a dedicated connection to the internet with guaranteed speeds and reliability. This connection is a 1:1 uncontended complete fibre connection, directly from the exchange, to your business premises. These are typically used by large/enterprise level businesses, where consistent, high-speed internet is critical. Leased lines offer speeds up to 10 Gbps, with no contention, ensuring you get the speed you pay for at all times. This option is great for businesses with a heavy internet use, with a consistent need for large bandwidth.
Wi-Fi Boosters
Wi-Fi boosters (or extenders) are devices that help improve the range and strength of your wireless signal within a building. They work by receiving your existing Wi-Fi signal, amplifying it, and then transmitting the boosted signal. This can be especially useful in larger buildings or areas where the Wi-Fi signal might struggle to reach.
Satellite Broadband
Satellite broadband is an alternative where traditional wired connections aren’t feasible, such as in remote areas. It works by beaming data between a satellite in space and a dish installed at your location. While satellite broadband can provide speeds from 10Mbps to 250Mbps, dependant on provider. It does come with higher latency (the delay before data begins to transfer) and can be affected by weather conditions. Contention rates can also be higher, leading to slower speeds during peak times, but again this can be dependant on location and provider.
Mobile Data for Broadband
Mobile data, harnessed through 4G or 5G routers, provides a flexible broadband solution. These routers use the mobile network to deliver internet connectivity. 4G can offer speeds up to 150 Mbps, while 5G can reach up to 1 Gbps under ideal conditions. Mobile broadband is particularly useful for remote working, pop-up locations, or as a backup to a fixed broadband connection.
Choosing the Right Broadband Solution
Deciding on the best broadband solution for your business depends on several factors, including your size, location, and specific needs. Small businesses might find SoGEA or fibre broadband sufficient, while medium-sized businesses may benefit from FTTC or Virgin’s hybrid solutions. Large enterprises often require the dedicated reliability of leased lines or FTTP to support their extensive operations.
For more detailed information on the best broadband solutions tailored to your business, how they integrate with hosted phones, and the importance of cyber security, visit our blog or contact us directly. Let us help you stay connected, secure, and ready for the future.
